虚拟语气
if虚拟语气
if引导的非真实条件句
| 时间 | if从句 | 主句 |
|---|---|---|
| 现在 | were/did | would/should/could/might ➕ do/be |
| 过去 | had done/been | would/should/could/might ➕ have done/been |
| 将来 | were/did; should do were to do/be |
would/should/could/might ➕ do/be |
虚拟倒装
- 去掉 if ，提前 were / had(助)…done / should
- were ➕ 主语 ➕ n./adj.
- were ➕ 主语 ➕ to do/be
- had ➕ 主语 ➕ done/been
- should ➕ 主语 ➕ do/be
含蓄虚拟语气
| – | 现在 | 过去 | 将来 |
|---|---|---|---|
| without；but for；otherwise | would/should/could/might ➕ do/be | would/should/could/might ➕ have done/been | would/should/could/might ➕ do/be |
| wish;as if = as though;if only | did(were) | had done/been | would/could do |
| would rather = would sooner | did(were) | had done/been | did(were) |
should do虚拟
-
- 命令：order, command ➕ (should）➕ do/be
- 建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend ➕ (should）➕ do/be
- 要求：require, request, insist, demand, ask ➕ (should）➕ do/be
- 决定：decide, determine ➕ (should）➕ do/be
- ⚠️注意：
以上单词的变化形式，其后 从句 依然用虚拟。 - suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation, advisable, desirable, determined
⚠️注意：当 suggest 表 “表明” 时，insist 表 “认为” 时 ，不用 should do
-
- 重要的：important, vital, crucial
- 必要的：necessary
- 紧急的：urgent, emergent
- 本质的：natural, essential
- 奇怪的：strange
- 必须的，强制的： compulsory
- 可取的：desirable
固定句型：It is/was ➕ adj. ➕ that ➕（主语）➕（should）do...
-
- 以防万一：
lest/for fear that/in case - 从句：
主语 ➕（should do）➕ do
- 以防万一：
–I will not make a noise for fear that I (should) disturb you.
–Please remind me of it again tomorrow lest I (should) forget.
定语从句中的虚拟语气
- 表示 早就该做某事了：
It's (high/about) time that 主语 ➕ 过去式It's (high/about) time that 主语 ➕ should ➕ 动词原形 (should不能省略)
- 表示 如果不是…：
- 现在：
If it weren't for... , ... - 过去：
If it hadn't been for ... , ...
- 现在：
-
- 如果…/假设… :
supposing/suppose 可以用虚拟 => if - 倘若…/在…条件下… :
provided/providing 不用虚拟
- 如果…/假设… :