反意疑问句

反义疑问句的规律：

前肯后否，前否后肯
前面陈述句为完整句子
后面疑问句结构：Be/情态动词/主动词 ➕ 代词（代指主语）。

情态动词的反问疑问句：

1. 基本原则：情态动词不变

   • He can speak English, can’t he?
   • We shouldn’t go, should we?
     
     

2. 特殊情况 must

   1. You must leave at once, needn’t you?

      • "must" 表示 “必须” “有必要“，疑问句用 needn't

   2. You mustn’t laugh, must you?

      • 前面陈述句中 mustn't 表示 “禁止”，后面疑问句用 must

   3. He must be tired, isn’t he?

      • 当 must 表示 “推测” 时，后面的反义疑问句不能用 must，要按其去掉推测是的情况来变。
      1. must(表 “一定”) be ➕ adj/n，isn’t/aren’t ➕ 代词？
      2. must have done , haven’t/hasn’t ➕ 代？
         • 无过去的时间状语
haven't/hasn't ➕ 主语
         • He must have gone over the article, hasn’t he?
      3. must have done , didn’t ➕ 代？
         • 有过去的时间状语
didin't ➕ 主语
         • It must have rained last night , didn’t it?
      4. must have been ➕ adj/n ， wasn’t/weren’t ➕ 代？
         • 对过去的推测
wasn't/weren't ➕ 主语
         • He must have been blind, wasn’t he?
           （must have been表示对过去的肯定推测）
      5. must have been to … = must have done
         • must have been to 遵循 must have done 的用法

主从复合句

陈述部分是主从复合句，则反义疑问句和 主句 保持一致。

• He told (Mary that he was a doctor) , didn’t he?
• I supposed that he had gone home , didn’t I?

但如果：

1. 主句的主语为第一人称 I 或 we时
2. 主句谓语为表人主观看法的词：think, believe, suppose(认为), expect, imagine, guess 等
3. 主句时态为一般现在时
4. 且从句为宾语从句时
   则反义疑问句和 宾语从句 保持一致

⚠️注意：否定转移 。如果主句是否定句，应该将其否定转移到宾语从句中。

总结：

否定词

1. 当陈述部分由 seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, barely, few, little, no, not, nobody, nothing, neither, nowhere 等词时，表示 否定 疑问部分用 肯定

   • He can hardly swim, can he?
   • He made few friends, did he?
   • She said nothing, did she?
     
     

2. 但陈述部分有否定词缀（如：un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, -less, dis- 等）构成的否定词，如：dislike, unsuccessful, unhappy 等词时，表示 肯定 ，疑问部分用 否定。

   • He looks unhappy, doesn’t he?
   • He dislike you, didn’t he?

主语变化

1. I …., … I?

   • I am an English teacher, aren’t I?

2. 表物不定代词 … , … it？

   • Nothing is important, is it?

3. 表人不定代词 … , … he they?

   • Nobody is here, is he/they?

4. This/That … , … it?

   • This isn’t your book,is it?

5. These/Those … , … they?

   • These are your friends, aren’t they?

6. One … , … one/you?

   • One should learn from others, shouldn’t one/you?

特殊词

1. 主语 ➕ used to … , usedn’t/didn’t ➕ 代词？

   • Lily used to go hiding, usedn’t she?/didn’t she?

2. 主语 ➕ have to do … , don’t ➕ 代词？

   • Mary has to do housework, doesn’t she?

3. 主语 ➕ ought to … , oughtn’t/shouldn’t ➕ 代词？

   • You ought to go now, oughtn’t you?

4. 主语 ➕ had better … , hadn’t ➕ 代词？

   • You had better go now, hadn’t you?

5. 主语 ➕ would rather … , wouldn’t ➕ 代词？

   • You’d rather go there early, wouldn’t you?

6. 主语 ➕ wish … , may ➕ 代词？

   • I wish to go home now, may I?

7. I’m not … , am I?

   • I am not right, am I?

8. I am … , aren’t I?

   • I am right, aren’t I?

9. Ther be … , be not there?

   • There is a book on the table, isn’t there?

10. There ➕ 情态动词 ➕ be … , 情态动词 not there?

• There will be a meeting tonight, won’t there?